As a material widely used in agriculture, industry, construction and other fields, woven cloth has a direct impact on its service life and application effect. Through reasonable post-processing process, the waterproof performance of woven cloth can be effectively improved to meet the needs of different scenarios. The following analyzes the key path to improve the waterproof performance of woven cloth from the dimensions of process principle, technical method, material selection, etc.
Coating treatment is one of the core methods to improve the waterproof performance of woven cloth. By applying a waterproof coating on the surface of woven cloth, a continuous waterproof film layer can be formed. Commonly used coating materials include polyurethane (PU), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and acrylate. The coating process needs to control the coating thickness, uniformity and curing conditions to ensure the adhesion between the coating and the substrate. For example, when using roller coating or scraping, the roller pressure and speed need to be optimized to avoid waterproof failure caused by uneven coating thickness.
Laminating technology uses hot pressing or gluing to compound waterproof films (such as PE, PET films) with woven cloth. This method can significantly improve the waterproofness of woven cloth and enhance its tear resistance. During the compounding process, the temperature, pressure and time parameters need to be controlled to prevent the film from wrinkling or peeling. For example, the three-layer composite process (woven cloth + adhesive + film) needs to ensure the compatibility of the adhesive with the substrate to avoid the degradation of waterproof performance due to interface failure.
The padding process is to immerse the woven cloth in the waterproofing agent solution, remove the excess liquid by the padding car, and make the waterproofing agent evenly penetrate into the fiber. Cationic waterproofing agents are often used in this process because of their strong adsorption to the fiber. After padding, high-temperature baking is required to promote the cross-linking of waterproofing agent molecules to form a film. For example, the baking temperature needs to be controlled at 150-180℃ for 1-3 minutes to ensure the stability and durability of the waterproof film.
The lamination process uses an adhesive to press the woven cloth with the waterproof layer to form a multi-layer structure. This method can achieve a balance between waterproofness and breathability, and is suitable for outdoor products and other fields. The selection of adhesives must take into account both waterproofness and flexibility. For example, polyurethane (PU) adhesives are often used because of their excellent bonding properties and weather resistance. Pressure and temperature need to be controlled during the lamination process to prevent bubbles or stratification.
From the perspective of the substrate, the waterproofness of woven cloth can be improved by fiber modification. For example, the use of fluorinated polymers or silicone modified fibers can enhance the hydrophobicity of the fiber surface. In addition, adjusting the pore structure of the woven cloth (such as reducing the pore size and increasing the density) can also reduce water penetration. For example, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) woven cloth has good waterproof properties due to its dense structure.
The parameter control of the post-treatment process is crucial to the waterproof performance. The coating thickness needs to be adjusted according to the application scenario, generally controlled at 10-50μm; the amount of waterproofing agent in the padding process needs to be determined through laboratory tests to avoid excessive cost increases or performance degradation; the baking temperature and time must strictly follow the recommended values of the waterproofing agent supplier to prevent the waterproof film from falling off due to insufficient curing.
In order to extend the durability of the waterproof performance, a cross-linking agent or abrasion-resistant additive can be added. Cross-linking agents (such as isocyanates) can enhance the intermolecular forces of the waterproof film, improve washability and wear resistance; abrasion-resistant additives (such as nano-silica) can enhance the wear resistance of the coating. In addition, regular inspection and maintenance (such as waterproof performance testing and surface cleaning) are also important measures to maintain waterproof performance.
The waterproof performance of woven cloth can be significantly improved through comprehensive means such as coating treatment, lamination, padding, lamination technology, material modification and process parameter optimization. In practical applications, it is necessary to select a suitable process combination according to specific needs, and strictly control production parameters to ensure the stability and reliability of product performance. In the future, with the advancement of material science and process technology, the waterproof performance of woven cloth will be further improved, expanding its application potential in more fields.
